How much do you know about large scale cow dung composting?

Cow manure organic fertilizer raw materials

The raw materials of cow manure should be pre-treated before composting to meet the fermentation conditions such as moisture and carbon-nitrogen ratio. Under normal circumstances, the carbon to nitrogen ratio of cow dung raw materials is 19-23:1, which is basically suitable for composting requirements, but the moisture status of cow dung varies greatly. 



The moisture content of cattle manure in large-scale breeding farms is as high as 60%-80%, and measures must be taken to reduce the moisture content to 50%-60% before composting. It is recommended to adjust the moisture content of cow manure to reduce the moisture content by mixing and mixing, that is, add fermented low-moisture cow manure material (water content about 30%) to the high-moisture cow manure pile, and the two dry and wet materials can be effective after mixing Reduce the overall moisture content of composting raw materials. The advantage of this pretreatment method is that the raw materials are easy to obtain and the processing cost is low. If the moisture of fresh cow dung is as high as 80% or more, the method of reducing the moisture can also adopt methods such as solid-liquid separation of cow dung.

​Cow manure compost fermentation

There are two main methods for aerobic composting of cow dung

(1) Windrow composting process

The materials with proper moisture adjustment are layered into stacks according to a certain height and width, and the stacks are arranged in parallel on a flat composting field in the open or indoor. It is best to use a highly efficient professional The pile turning machine rides across the pile for continuous pile turning operations. The cross-sectional shape of the pile is triangular or trapezoidal: width 1.5-2.5m, height 0.8-1.4m, length 50-150m (depending on the shape and size of the composting site). 

The process features: mechanical turning operations are highly mobile, and the use of strip stacks is conducive to the loss of water in the later stage of composting; it has low requirements for civil engineering and does not need supporting fermentation tanks. It can be composted outdoors, saving construction investment; the area of ​​composting site needs to be relatively Larger; outdoor composting in northern areas has poor thermal insulation in winter, and the composting cycle needs to be extended or the composting should be stopped seasonally; when open-air composting is easy to affect the rainy season, it is recommended to cover the rain shed.



(2) Cattle manure fermentation tank composting process

https://www.fertilizer-plants.com/composting-dairy-manure/

 Place materials with appropriate moisture adjustments in the fermentation tank of the solar-powered composting workshop through a spreader or forklift. The suitable height of the fermentation tank is 1.0-1.3m, the width is 6m, and the length is 50-100m. It can be determined by referring to the area of ​​the cattle farm and the shape of the plot. 

The process has the following characteristics: it can realize a continuous fermentation process with one end of the fermentation tank feeding and the other end discharging, and a full tank batch fermentation process can also be realized; forced mechanical turning and aeration and pipeline ventilation aeration aeration ; The solar composting workshop has excellent heating and heat preservation effects and regulating functions, and can be used for compost production all year round. Taking into account the material characteristics of cow dung, in order to save investment, you can also replace the solar composting workshop with a canopy. 



According to the moisture content of the raw materials of cow dung, one of the above composting processes can be selected, or the two composting processes can be combined to compost. For example, the cow dung is composted at high temperature through trough composting, and after harmless, the materials are removed from the fermentation trough to the stack composting site for secondary fermentation and further reduction of water content, which promotes further humification and mineralization of organic nutrients , And finally completely decomposed. The investment in equipment for the combination of the two processes has increased slightly, but the efficiency and quality of composting have improved.

Email: info@fertilzier-plants.com

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